US Government

A New Kind of PSA


A new kind of Public Service Announcement (PSA) has arrived - the public service app.  It looks like smartphone apps are no longer limited to games, drink recipes, and social media platforms, meant purely to entertain us and keep us from having to interact with others during those oh-so-tedious minutes waiting for the elevator, bus, or metro.  According to CNN and Mashable, both the United States and UK governments have now released a handful of official apps for both the iPhone and Android that are designed to improve citizens’ quality of life.  Several US government agencies, including NASA, FEMA, and the EPA, have released apps to provide up-to-date information related to their activities, and both countries have released a variety of lifestyle apps designed to help citizens lose weight or get better gas mileage.  The UK has also created apps that are meant to help users quit smoking or find a job.

I think these lifestyle apps are very interesting.  They offer citizens additional, “on-the-ground” support for achieving goals set forth by government programs, like getting people to eat better, exercise more or quit smoking. These apps could boost participation in those programs by making such efforts more convenient, more manageable, or even more fun.

Just a few years ago, the Internet was the undisputed king of consumer engagement.  Directing citizens to a website equipped with facts, tips, and recommended plans-of-action is much more interactive, and usually more successful, than simply instructing viewers to take action via a television ad.  Now, however, smartphone apps are becoming the hottest way to engage customers.  Apps provide instant and individual programming to users every day no matter where they are — not just at their computers.  These two governments appear to understand that both consumer habits and forms of communication are rapidly changing, and they are aptly trying to adapt their messaging.

Most, if not all, of these apps have corresponding websites, and it is unlikely that the apps will cannibalize traffic from the websites already in place.  For extended visits and in-depth searching, consumers are still likely to prefer using their computer to a smartphone.  Instead, these apps will hopefully augment the existing sites and make consumers more likely to engage with and integrate the content into their daily lives.  If these apps catch on, the age of mobile marketing could work wonders for the PSA.

New Developments Between ICANN and the U.S. Government


Several outlets, such as the Economist and the Sydney Morning Herald are running articles on the upcoming expiration of the Joint Project Agreement (JPA) between ICANN and the U.S. Department of Commerce.  While we have discussed this issue many times before, the articles mention a new development: an agreement between the U.S. and ICANN called an “affirmation of commitments.”  Despite being a mere four pages in length, the document gives ICANN complete autonomy in managing its own activities, setting up oversight panels that include representatives of foreign governments to conduct regular reviews of ICANN’s work in four areas.  Those areas are competition among generic domain names; handling data on registrants; security of the network and transparency; and accountability and the public interest.  The agreement passes some of the authority the U.S. government has held over ICANN over to the broader Internet community, namely businesses, individual users and other governments.

The JPA is set to expire on September 30, and it is still unclear whether or not it will be renewed.  It will be interesting to see what plays out in the upcoming days, and what the “affirmation of commitments” document says.

Who Should Hold the Reins?


We’ve talked a lot about the governance issues in ICANN, but it’s trickier to discuss ways to go about fixing these issues. For example, if one of the problems is that there’s no accountability in the current system, how do we go about creating oversight? Should that oversight come from a government organization? If so, which government(s)?

Having a government involved in Internet regulation would certainly have its advantages; hopefully a government would not have a monetary interest in Internet policy, for one. That’s actually a big problem with ICANN—the organization regulates a global resource but is basically controlled from within by just two of its constituencies. Unfortunately, these groups rule by looking out for their vested financial interests rather than the best use for the resource. Of course, putting any community in such a position of power would produce a stilted result.

Think about it. When we want an objective, unbiased perspective in national governance, we remove the oversight body and its individuals from the influence of their constituencies. In the US Supreme Court, life appointments remove the need to pander to constituent desires for reelection. Maybe we need the same type of government-controlled judiciary body in place at ICANN—we can keep the bottom-up policy development process but then have an oversight body that can weigh in on the propriety of policy decisions.

Then again, you have to consider the other side of the coin. There could be drawbacks to a government controlled Internet— for example, China’s well-known efforts to control the content available to and posted by its public. Or, as reported by Domain Name News, the Kyrgyzstan government’s efforts to put the country’s ccTLD dot-KG under state control and establish policies that increase barriers to domain name acquisition. Many see this as a move to reign in free speech and as a step back from the country’s development as a democracy.

Any change to Internet governance needs to be done carefully and thoughtfully, but the conversation needs to begin now because the current system simply isn’t working. We shouldn’t be afraid of exploring and talking about all the possibilities for improving the space. Discussing the pros and cons of even the most extreme scenarios can help us better recognize what needs to be done.